Psoriatic arthritis is an inflammatory disorder that causes morning joint pain, swelling, and stiffness. This discomfort is associated with psoriasis or a family history of the condition. Both psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis are autoimmune conditions that affect the immune system. Adding nutritious food to one’s meal plans and following a prescribed treatment regimen may help in managing the condition. Here are some foods to avoid and eat along with certain treatments for managing psoriatic arthritis.

Foods to avoid
The following foods can trigger psoriatic arthritis due to the components found in them and must be avoided.

Red meat
Red meat, such as beef, pork, lamb, and veal, is high in saturated fatty acids. These fats are linked to various inflammatory conditions, including type-2 diabetes and cardiovascular problems. Red meat also contains heme, which binds oxygen in the blood and gives it its red color. Heme has been linked to gut irritation and systemic inflammation.

Dairy products
Milk, yogurt, and cheese are low-fat dairy products that can be healthy when consumed in moderation. However, patients who are lactose intolerant may experience discomfort and worsened symptoms. Saturated fats are abundant in high-fat dairy products like whole milk, full-fat cheese, and ice cream. These may result in an increase in body mass, which may worsen one’s symptoms.

Sugary food and drinks
Sugar is a common ingredient in highly processed foods and beverages. Excess sugar consumption has been linked to metabolic syndrome, heart problems, stroke, and diabetes. Such conditions can aggravate painful symptoms. Sugar can produce many pro-inflammatory cytokines. High levels of these cytokines and low levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines may cause increased inflammation, which may exacerbate one’s symptoms.

Eggplant
Nightshade plants such as paprika, tomatoes, potatoes, and eggplant peppers have been linked to psoriatic arthritis symptoms. They are high in solanine, an alkaloid that (in large quantities) can cause inflammation and be toxic. Some people may be intolerant of or allergic to nightshades, resulting in mild to severe symptoms, such as skin rashes, digestive problems, or painful muscles and joints.

Processed foods
Prepackaged snacks, candies, soft drinks, fast food, and processed meats have been linked to psoriatic arthritis discomfort and pain. Processed foods are high in saturated fats and sugar, which promote inflammation and worsen the symptoms.

What triggers psoriatic arthritis?
Apart from the foods mentioned above, the following are some common triggers of psoriatic arthritis flare-ups.

• Skin infections or injuries
• Certain treatment options
• Excessive stress
• Unhealthy food regime
• Cold weather
• Sunburn
• Consistently disturbed sleep cycle

Foods to eat
Although certain foods can trigger and worsen the condition, here are some foods that can help manage it.

Fiber-rich foods
Fruits and vegetables are high in anti-inflammatory vitamins, minerals, phytochemicals, and antioxidants. Antioxidants reduce the damaging oxidative stress caused by an inflammatory response. Consuming fiber-rich, low-calorie fruits and vegetables can help maintain healthy body mass. Dark berries, dark leafy greens, nuts, dry-ground spices, dark chocolate, tea, and coffee are the best foods for obtaining antioxidants.

Omega-3-rich foods
This component is well-known for its anti-inflammatory properties. Omega-3 fatty acids help reduce joint pain and redness. Fish rich in omega-3 fatty acids, like salmon, tuna, and mackerel, help reduce inflammation. Salmon is packed with vitamin D and B12, which are important for inflammation reduction and have been used for psoriasis treatment. Vitamin D also helps reduce the severity of autoimmune conditions. Other omega-3-rich foods include seaweed and algae, hemp seeds, flaxseed oil, walnuts, and edamame.

Whole grains
Whole grains contain more antioxidants, fiber, vitamins, and minerals than refined grains such as white bread, rice, and pasta. They also have anti-inflammatory compounds. Moreover, unprocessed whole grains are higher in minerals and fiber and digest more slowly. This helps avoid insulin spikes and maintain healthy blood sugar levels. The best whole-grain foods to eat for managing psoriatic arthritis include oats, brown rice, quinoa, barley, and millet.

Turmeric
Turmeric root has been used for centuries to treat arthritis-related joint pain and inflammation. Turmeric contains curcumin, which has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, and anticancer properties. Including turmeric in regular meals, such as a latte or curry stir-fry, may help reduce inflammation and manage symptoms.

Ginger
Ginger is a root used to treat rheumatoid arthritis and psoriatic arthritis due to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. Ginger’s active ingredients, gingerol, shogaol, and zingerone, can help relieve joint discomfort.

Treatment for psoriatic arthritis
Psoriatic arthritis is difficult to treat because it affects the skin and joints. It can be managed using a combination of treatment options prescribed by doctors and complementary therapies such as exercise, massage, and acupuncture. The severity of the condition determines the treatment for each individual. The purpose of the treatment is to stop the progression of the condition, reduce suffering, and protect the skin and joints.

Exercise and physical therapy
Exercise is an important part of the treatment for psoriatic arthritis. It improves one’s overall health, reduces pain and stiffness, and gives them more energy and a better attitude. A recommended fitness regimen for managing the condition includes aerobic exercises, weight training, and stretching. Low-impact, gentle aerobic exercises for painful joints include bike riding, swimming, and walking.

Avoid going to the pool during flares because chlorine can irritate the skin. Before beginning any new exercise program, consult a doctor and proceed with caution. A personal trainer can create a program to increase mobility while reducing pain. An occupational therapist can advise on techniques to make daily tasks less difficult and painful.

Tips for psoriatic arthritis relief

• Stress may aggravate symptoms and weaken the immune system. Relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation, guided imagery, and massage may help reduce stress.
• Exercise and eating healthily can help reduce inflammation. Almonds, olive oil, and fatty fish are good for the joints and cardiovascular health. Include lean protein, colorful fruits and vegetables, and whole grains for well-balanced nutrition.
• Moist heat from a warm bath or a paraffin bath for hands and feet can help ease joint pain.
• Applying an ice pack wrapped in a towel can help reduce swelling. Alternate between heat and cold or use whichever seems most comfortable.